High-performance computing (HPC)—including modeling and simulation, data analytics, machine learning, and AI—is a prevalent means of discovery and innovation in essentially all areas of science, engineering, technology, and societal advancement. This presentation will introduce the history of computing at Argonne National Laboratory, including projects where Bill Gropp’s fundamental contributions have led to advances in algorithms and software that power discovery across the globe. We’ll also discuss challenges in next-generation ecosystems for scientific computing, including opportunities for harnessing community, software, and AI for advances in cross-disciplinary team science.