Network coding in communication is a technique where intermediate nodes in a network combine incoming data packets using algebraic operations before forwarding them. This differs from traditional routing, where packets are simply relayed without modification. By mixing data, network coding can improve efficiency, reduce latency, and enhance resilience to packet loss and network congestion. This course introduces the fundamental principles of network coding, including its theoretical foundations and practical applications in modern communication systems. Participants will explore key concepts such as linear network coding, multicast scenarios, and in general coding over networks.